Mostrar mensagens com a etiqueta keats. Mostrar todas as mensagens
Mostrar mensagens com a etiqueta keats. Mostrar todas as mensagens

quinta-feira, 14 de outubro de 2010

Quidquid Latine, Altum Videtur

But how shall I account, illustrious fay,
For thine imperial absence? Pho, I can
Say you are very sick, and bar the way
To your so loving courtiers for one day.
If either of their two archbishops' graces
Should talk of extreme unction, I shall say
You do not like cold pig with Latin phrases,
Which never should be used but in alarming cases.

Keats, The Cap and the Bells or, The Jealousies, LX

domingo, 19 de setembro de 2010

Fluir Perene

It was no dream; or say a dream it was,
Real are the dreams of Gods.
Keats, Lamia 1.126-7

Com tanta coisa boa que há para ler, e tão pouco o tempo, é normal que, quando verificamos que o livro a que nos dedicámos nas últimas horas ou dias é, de facto, um produto menor, que não compensou o nosso esforço, fiquemos um tanto ao quanto, se não aborrecidos, pelo menos com pena: afinal, a vida é breve, e nunca se ouviu falar de bibliotecas no paraíso (salvo com Borges). E, todavia, é impressionante a fecundidade, isto é, a capacidade de gerar novas obras, destas obras menores, chamemos-lhes assim, capazes de rivalizarem, nesse aspecto, com alguns dos mais importantes títulos da literatura mundial. Não pude deixar de confirmar quanto os caminhos da inspiração são insondáveis ao ler agora a Lamia de Keats.

Este Verão, nas minhas explorações da história da Igreja dos primeiros séculos, tropecei na Vida de Apolónio, de Filóstrato, sofista que viveu na passagem do segundo para o terceiro século depois de Cristo. Trata-se da biografia de um filósofo do século I, homem muito reputado no seu tempo, com fama de homem santo. Alguns escritores pagãos quiseram equipará-lo a Cristo e daí eu, interessado nas polémicas anti-cristãs e nos escritos apologéticos, me ter atirado aos três volumes da série da Loeb sobre Apolónio. Trata-se de uma narrativa interessante, mas desigual: o segundo volume é bem mais cativante que o primeiro. No cômputo geral, porém, é um livro que só interessará hoje a um público muito específico, apesar de ter algumas passagens que, tivera o texto sempre aquela qualidade, seria, sem dúvida, mais lido, ou do retrato curioso, porque até inesperado, que pinta das relações entre filosofia, religião e política naquele tempo (e para os que se interessam por isto, não direi que é essencial, mas será sem dúvida valioso).

O «milagre» mais conhecido de Apolónio, narrado por Filóstrato, é a salvação de um jovem de Corinto, boa pessoa, de tendências filosóficas (acabará por seguir o mestre), que, enfeitiçado por uma lâmia, uma criatura demoníaca do folclore grego, por vezes associada aos modernos vampiros, se ia casar com ela. Apolónio denunciou em plena boda a verdadeira natureza da bela mulher que o rapaz se preparava para desposar e expulsou-a da casa, salvando-o da morte (as lâmias bebiam o sangue daqueles que escolhiam). Keats não leu a obra de Filóstrato, mas soube da história através daquele que terá dito um dia ser o seu livro favorito: The Anatomy of Melancholy, de Richard Burton. Inspirado pela lenda, compôs um dos poemas mais conhecidos da sua maturidade, entre finais de Junho e inícios de Setembro de 1819: Lamia. E, assim, uma passagem importante, mas nem sequer a melhor, de uma obra pouco lida floresceu num poema em que o génio de um dos nomes maiores do Romantismo inglês se manifesta no alto da sua criatividade e talento. A Musa progride por caminhos esquivos.

imagem: Lamia (1909), de Herbert James Draper

quinta-feira, 16 de setembro de 2010

Leitores Atentos §8

ἐπάμεροι: τί δέ τις; τί δ᾽ οὔ τις; σκιᾶς ὄναρ
ἄνθρωπος.

Efémeros! Que somos nós? Que não somos?
Sombra de um sonho é o Homem!
Píndaro, Píticas 8.95-96
in Sete Odes de Píndaro, Porto Editora, Porto: 2003. (trad.: MHRP).

OU

Tu que existes exposto ao que os dias te trazem, o que é ser
Alguém? O que é não ser Ninguém? O Humano é o sonho de
uma sombra.
Píndaro, Píticas 8.95-96
Quetzal, Lisboa: 2010 (trad.: António Caeiro)


FIRST KNIGHT. Grievously are we tantalized, one and all;
Swayed here and there, commanded to and fro,
As though we were the shadows of a dream
And linked to a sleeping fancy. What do we here?

Keats, Otho the Great V.5

imagem: Pindar and Ictinus, de Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres
c. 1830-67, @ The National Gallery, Londres

segunda-feira, 30 de agosto de 2010

'Ode on a Grecian Urn', de Keats (Maio 1819)


Thou still unravish'd bride of quietness,
Thou foster-child of silence and slow time,
Sylvan historian, who canst thus express
A flowery tale more sweetly than our rhyme:
What leaf-fring'd legend haunt about thy shape
Of deities or mortals, or of both,
In Tempe or the dales of Arcady?
What men or gods are these? What maidens loth?
What mad pursuit? What struggle to escape?
What pipes and timbrels? What wild ecstasy?

Heard melodies are sweet, but those unheard
Are sweeter: therefore, ye soft pipes, play on;
Not to the sensual ear, but, more endear'd,
Pipe to the spirit ditties of no tone:
Fair youth, beneath the trees, thou canst not leave
Thy song, nor ever can those trees be bare;
Bold lover, never, never canst thou kiss,
Though winning near the goal - yet, do not grieve;
She cannot fade, though thou hast not thy bliss,
For ever wilt thou love, and she be fair!

Ah, happy, happy boughs! that cannot shed
Your leaves, nor ever bid the spring adieu;
And, happy melodist, unwearied,
For ever piping songs for ever new;
More happy love! more happy, happy love!
For ever warm and still to be enjoy'd,
For ever panting, and for ever young;
All breathing human passion far above,
That leaves a heart high-sorrowful and cloy'd,
A burning forehead, and a parching tongue.

Who are these coming to the sacrifice?
To what green altar, O mysterious priest,
Lead'st thou that heifer lowing at the skies,
And all her silken flanks with garlands drest?
What little town by river or sea shore,
Or mountain-built with peaceful citadel,
Is emptied of this folk, this pious morn?
And, little town, thy streets for evermore
Will silent be; and not a soul to tell
Why thou art desolate, can e'er return.

O Attic shape! Fair attitude! with brede
Of marble men and maidens overwrought,
With forest branches and the trodden weed;
Thou, silent form, dost tease us out of thought
As doth eternity: Cold Pastoral!
When old age shall this generation waste,
Thou shalt remain, in midst of other woe
Than ours, a friend to man, to whom thou say'st,
"Beauty is truth, truth beauty," - that is all
Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.

terça-feira, 17 de agosto de 2010

'Ode to Psyche', de Keats (21-30 Abril 1819)


O Goddess! hear these tuneless numbers, wrung
By sweet enforcement and remembrance dear,
And pardon that thy secrets should be sung
Even into thine own soft-conched ear:
Surely I dreamt today, or did I see
The winged Psyche with awakened eyes?
I wandered in a forest thoughtlessly,
And, on the sudden, fainting with surprise,
Saw two fair creatures, couched side by side
In deepest grass, beneath the whisp'ring roof
Of leaves and trembled blossoms, where there ran
A brooklet, scarce espied:
'Mid hushed, cool-rooted flowers, fragrant-eyed,
Blue, silver-white, and budded Tyrian,
They lay calm-breathing on the bedded grass;
Their arms embraced, and their pinions too;
Their lips touched not, but had not bade adieu,
As if disjoined by soft-handed slumber,
And ready still past kisses to outnumber
At tender eye-dawn of aurorean love:
The winged boy I knew;
But who wast thou, O happy, happy dove?
His Psyche true!
O latest born and loveliest vision far
Of all Olympus' faded hierarchy!
Fairer than Phoebe's sapphire-regioned star,
Or Vesper, amorous glow-worm of the sky;
Fairer than these, though temple thou hast none,
Nor altar heaped with flowers;
Nor virgin-choir to make delicious moan
Upon the midnight hours;
No voice, no lute, no pipe, no incense sweet
From chain-swung censer teeming;
No shrine, no grove, no oracle, no heat
Of pale-mouthed prophet dreaming.
O brightest! though too late for antique vows,
Too, too late for the fond believing lyre,
When holy were the haunted forest boughs,
Holy the air, the water, and the fire;
Yet even in these days so far retired
From happy pieties, thy lucent fans,
Fluttering among the faint Olympians,
I see, and sing, by my own eyes inspired.
So let me be thy choir, and make a moan
Upon the midnight hours;
Thy voice, thy lute, thy pipe, thy incense sweet
From swinged censer teeming;
Thy shrine, thy grove, thy oracle, thy heat
Of pale-mouthed prophet dreaming.
Yes, I will be thy priest, and build a fane
In some untrodden region of my mind,
Where branched thoughts, new grown with pleasant pain,
Instead of pines shall murmur in the wind:
Far, far around shall those dark-clustered trees
Fledge the wild-ridged mountains steep by steep;
And there by zephyrs, streams, and birds, and bees,
The moss-lain dryads shall be lulled to sleep;
And in the midst of this wide quietness
A rosy sanctuary will I dress
With the wreathed trellis of a working brain,
With buds, and bells, and stars without a name,
With all the gardener Fancy e'er could feign,
Who breeding flowers, will never breed the same:
And there shall be for thee all soft delight
That shadowy thought can win,
A bright torch, and a casement ope at night,
To let the warm Love in!

imagem: Psyche Entering Cupid's Garden, de John William Waterhouse.

sábado, 7 de agosto de 2010

'Hyperion. A Fragment.', de Keats (Final 1818 - Primavera 1819)

[...]
“O tender spouse of gold Hyperion,
“Thea, I feel thee ere I see thy face;
“Look up, and let me see our doom in it;
“Look up, and tell me if this feeble shape
“Is Saturn’s; tell me, if thou hear’st the voice
“Of Saturn; tell me, if this wrinkling brow,
“Naked and bare of its great diadem,
“Peers like the front of Saturn. Who had power
“To make me desolate? whence came the strength?
“How was it nurtur’d to such bursting forth,
“While Fate seem’d strangled in my nervous grasp?
“But it is so; and I am smother’d up,
“And buried from all godlike exercise
“Of influence benign on planets pale,
“Of admonitions to the winds and seas,
“Of peaceful sway above man’s harvesting,
“And all those acts which Deity supreme
“Doth ease its heart of love in.—I am gone
“Away from my own bosom: I have left
“My strong identity, my real self,
“Somewhere between the throne, and where I sit
“Here on this spot of earth. Search, Thea, search!
“Open thine eyes eterne, and sphere them round
“Upon all space: space starr’d, and lorn of light;
“Space region’d with life-air; and barren void;
“Spaces of fire, and all the yawn of hell.—
“Search, Thea, search! and tell me, if thou seest
“A certain shape or shadow, making way
“With wings or chariot fierce to repossess
“A heaven he lost erewhile: it must—it must
“Be of ripe progress—Saturn must be King.
“Yes, there must be a golden victory;
“There must be Gods thrown down, and trumpets blown
“Of triumph calm, and hymns of festival
“Upon the gold clouds metropolitan,
“Voices of soft proclaim, and silver stir
“Of strings in hollow shells; and there shall be
“Beautiful things made new, for the surprise
“Of the sky-children
; I will give command:
“Thea! Thea! Thea! where is Saturn?”
[...]

Ler o poema todo, magnífico (still reading), aqui.

sexta-feira, 30 de julho de 2010

'To Homer', de Keats (Abril/Maio de 1818)


I have written to George [Keats] for some Books — shall learn Greek...
I long to feast upon old Homer as we have upon Shakespeare and as I have lately upon Milton
Keats to Reynolds, 27 April 1818 (L i 274)

Standing aloof in giant ignorance,
Of thee I hear and of the Cyclades,
As one who sits ashore and longs perchance
To visit dolphin-coral in deep seas.
So thou wast blind! -but then the veil was rent;
For Jove uncurtained Heaven to let thee live,
And Neptune made for thee a spumy tent,
And Pan made sing for thee his forest-hive;
Aye, on the shores of darkness there is light,
And precipices show untrodden green;
There is a budding morrow in midnight;
There is a triple sight in blindness keen;
Such seeing hadst thou, as it once befell
To Dian, Queen of Earth, and Heaven, and Hell.

in Keats - The Complete Poems.
Londres, 1970: Longman. (Ed.: Miriam Allott)

terça-feira, 22 de junho de 2010

À La Bibliotecário de Babel #1

Desafio de Hoje:
15:00- Ovídio contra Keats

O quê? Não vês como o ano se desenrola em quatro fases
no seu percurso, à imitação da nossa própria vida?
Pois, no início da Primavera é terno e lactente, semelhante
à idade da meninice. Então, a erva jovem, sem vigor, é
rechonchuda e tenra, e delicia os lavradores com esperanças.
Então, há flores por toda a parte, e com as cores das flores
brinca o nutriente prado, e não há ainda pujança nas folhas.
Depois da Primavera, o ano, mais robusto, passa ao Verão,
e torna-se um jovem forte. Na verdade, não há estação
mais robusta, nem outra mais luxuriante, nem mais ardente.
Sucede o Outono, que, pondo de lado o ardor da juventude,
é maduro e calmo, moderado, a meio caminho entre jovem
e velho, mas já com as suas têmporas salpicadas de cãs.
E lá chega o Inverno, a tremer de frio, senil, o passo trémulo,
despojado de cabelo, ou então, se algum tiver, todo branco.

Ovídio, Metamorfoses 15.199-213
Cotovia, Lisboa: 2007. (trad.: Paulo Farmhouse Alberto)

['Quid? non in species succedere quattuor annum/ adspicis, aetatis peragentem imitamina nostrae?/ nam tener et lactens puerique simillimus aevo/ vere novo est: tunc herba recens et roboris expers/ turget et insolida est et spe delectat agrestes;/ omnia tunc florent, florumque coloribus almus/ ludit ager, neque adhuc virtus in frondibus ulla est./ transit in aestatem post ver robustior annus/ fitque valens iuvenis: neque enim robustior aetas/ ulla nec uberior, nec quae magis ardeat, ulla est./ excipit autumnus, posito fervore iuventae/ maturus mitisque inter iuvenemque senemque/ temperie medius, sparsus quoque tempora canis./ inde senilis hiems tremulo venit horrida passu,/ aut spoliata suos, aut, quos habet, alba capillos.]

Four Seasons fill the Measure of the year;
Four Seasons are there in the mind of Man.
He hath his lusty spring when fancy clear
Takes in all beauty with an easy span:
He hath his Summer, when luxuriously
He chews the honied cud of fair spring thoughts,
Till, in his Soul dissolv'd they come to be
Part of himself. He hath his Autumn ports
And Havens of repose, when his tired wings
Are folded up, and he content to look
On Mists in idleness: to let fair things
Pass by unheeded as a threshhold brook.
He hath his Winter too of pale Misfeature,
Or else he would forget his mortal nature.

in Keats - The Complete Poems.
Londres, 1970: Longman. (Ed.: Miriam Allott)

segunda-feira, 10 de maio de 2010

'To Apollo', de Keats (Primavera de 1817)

Written after the two preceding poems [On Receiving a Laurel Crown from Leigh Hunt e To The Ladies Who Saw Me Crown'd] as an apology; Woodhouse records that Keats regretted «...the folly of his conduct... he was determined to record it by an apologetic ode to Apollo... He shortly after wrote this fragment» (Woodhouse 2); see also Keat's spring 1817 letter to George Keats, «...I hope Apollo is not angered at my having made a Mockery of him at Hunt's» (L i 170)
in Keats - The Complete Poems.
Londres, 1970: Longman. (Ed.: Miriam Allott)

God of the golden bow,
oooAnd of the golden lyre,
And of the golden hair,
000And of the golden fire,
000000Charioteer
000000Of the patient year,
000Where, where slept thine ire,
When like a blank idiot I put on thy wreath,
000Thy laurel, thy glory,
000The light of thy story?
Or was I a worm, too low-creeping for death?
000O Delphic Apollo!

The Thunderer grasped and grasped,
000The Thunderer frowned and frowned.
The eagle's feathery mane
000For wrath became stiffened. The sound
000000Of breeding thunder
000000Went drowsily under,
000Muttering to be unbound.
Oh, why didst thou pity, and beg for a worm?
000Why touch thy soft lute
000Till the thunder was mute,
Why was I not crushed — such a pitiful germ?
000O Delphic Apollo!

The Pleiades were up,
000Watching the silent air;
The seeds and roots in earth
000Were swelling for summer fare;
000000The ocean, its neighbour,
000000Was at his old labour,
000When who, who did dare
To tie, for a moment, that plant round his brow
000And grin and look proudly,
000And blaspheme so loudly,
And live for that honour, to stoop to thee now?
000O Delphic Apollo!

imagem: Portrait of John Keats in Rome, shortly before his death from tuberculosis in February 1821,
by his friend Joseph Severn, Ashley MS 4165, f.v. Copyright © The British Library Board.